Alexandrite is a color changing variety of Chrisoberyl. Stones with a strong color change effect are more valuable and belong to the most expensive gemstones. Alexandrites are generally not treated.  Color: color change, from bluish green (daylight) to purple, red or brown (incandescent light).  Hardness: 8 

Amethyst is a transparent purple-violet variety of quartz. Best amethysts have medium dark violet color and uniform coloring. Rarely heated to lighten dark colors or to improve transparency.  Color: violet, purple-violet.  Hardness: 7. 

However collectors appreciate blue and violet intense colored stones. Apatites are very heat sensitive and generally not treated.  Color: green, greenish yellow, blue, violet  Hardness: 5

Aquamarine is a light blue or light greenish blue variety of beryl. Darker stones are more expensive. Heat enhancement is often applied to enforce blue color of aquamarines but only clean pieces can be heated.  Color: blue to greenish blue  Hardness: 7.5

Greenish yellow and orange stones are more valuable. Heat treatment is applied to enforce yellow color.  Color: yellow, yellow-orange.  Hardness: 7

Collectors gemstone. Best stones come from Russia and have rich green color (chrome diopside). Clean pieces over 5 ct. are rare. Stones are generally not treated.  Color: green, yellow-green, brown, blue, colorless.  Hardness: 5.5 - 6

The garnet is a blend of pyrope and spessartite varieties of garnet. Orangey yellow stones are more expensive than red or pink. Stones are generally not treated.  Color: orangey yellow, reddish orange, brownish pink.  Hardness: 7 –7.5

Prices of peridot (olivine) highly depend on the stone’s clarity. Best stones have vivid yellowish green color. Peridots are generally not treated.  Color: yellowish green, brownish green.  Hardness: 6.5 – 7

Prasiolite is a green variety of Amethyst.   This color is highly sought after in today's fashion jewelry.   Color: light green.  Hardness: 7

Quartz is highly sought after in today's fashion jewelry.  Colors vary from yellow to brown.   Color: brown.  Hardness: 7

Quartz is highly sought after in today's fashion jewelry.  Colors vary from yellow to brown.   Color: light yellow, yellow, lemon yellow.  Hardness: 7

Rhodolite is a blend of pyrope and almandine garnets. Purple stones are more valuable. Stones are generally not treated.  Color: red, purple  Hardness: 7 – 7.5

Red is the color of love, it radiates warmth, and is also the color of the ruby.  For thousands of years, it has been considered one of the most valuable gemstones on Earth. It has everything a precious stone should have: magnificent color, excellent hardness and outstanding brilliance.

Most valued tanzanites (zoisites) are vivid violet-blue crystals. Heat treatment is applied to enforce violet color component.  With news about limited quantity of this single source stone, today's market is brining in $2,200 per carat for .30 to .99, $2,500 for 1.0 to 1.49,  $3,000 for 1.50 ct. and $3,500 for stones over 2.0 carats!  Color: blue, violet blue, green, yellow, brownish  Hardness: 6,5 - 7

Heat treatment is usual for yellowish stones; color of light blue or colorless stones can be enforced by x-ray treatment and heating.  Prices subject to noticeable variation due to fashion trends on local markets.  The London Blue color is more rare than others.  Color: deep blue  Hardness: 8

Heat treatment is usual for yellowish stones; color of light blue or colorless stones can be enforced by x-ray treatment and heating.  Prices subject to noticeable variation due to fashion trends on local markets.  Mystic Blue stones are very expensive because of the costly treatment.  Color: blue green rainbow  Hardness: 8

Heat treatment is usual for yellowish stones; color of light blue or colorless stones can be enforced by x-ray treatment and heating.  Prices subject to noticeable variation due to fashion trends on local markets.  Blue is always one of the most sought after colors.  Color: pure pink  Hardness: 8

Heat treatment is usual for yellowish stones; color of light blue or colorless stones can be enforced by x-ray treatment and heating.  Prices subject to noticeable variation due to fashion trends on local markets.  Blue is always one of the most sought after colors.  Color: light blue  Hardness: 8

Heat treatment is usual for yellowish stones; color of light blue or colorless stones can be enforced by x-ray treatment and heating.  Prices subject to noticeable variation due to fashion trends on local markets.  Blue is always one of the most sought after colors.  Color: medium bright blue  Hardness: 8

Heat treatment is usual for yellowish stones; color of light blue or colorless stones can be enforced by x-ray treatment and heating.  Prices subject to noticeable variation due to fashion trends on local markets.  White is often used in fashion jewelry.  Color: colorless  Hardness: 8

Tourmalines exist in different colors and are known for their bi-color or even tri-color varieties. Most expensive color varieties are intense green, blue and red (see also Tourmaline rubelite section). Heat treatment is occasionally applied to enhance color of green or blue crystals. Yellow stones could be irradiated to improve color or clarity.  Color: wide color range, green, blue, yellow, pink, red, brown, colorless. Bi-color is common.  Hardness: 7 – 7.5

Zircons exist in a wide range of colors, but the most expensive stones are deep blue, purple, red and orange. White zircons are also valued probably due to their extremely high “diamond” refraction. Brownish stones from Cambodia are usually heated to obtain an intense blue color.  Color: red, orange, purple, green, blue, yellow, brown  Hardness: 6 – 7.5  Refractive index: 1.78 – 2.01

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